气体探测报警器由探测器与报警控制主机构成,广泛应用于石油、燃气、化工、油库等存在有毒气体的石油化工行业,用以检测室内外危险场所的泄漏情况,是保证生产和人身安全的重要仪器.当被测场所存在有毒气体时,探测器将气信号转换成电压信号或电流信号传送到报警仪表,仪器显示出有毒气体爆炸下限的百分比浓度值.当有毒气体浓度超过报警设定值时发生声光报警信号提示,值班人员及时采取安全措施,避免燃爆事故发生.
Gas detection alarm detector and alarm control host which is widely used in petroleum, chemical, gas, oil depots and other toxic gas in petrochemical industry, in order to detect indoor leakage of dangerous places, is an important instrument to ensure production and personal safety. When the measured presence of toxic gases, gas detector the signal is converted into voltage signal and current signal is transmitted to the alarm instrument, instrument shows the percentage concentration of toxic gas explosion limit value. When the concentration of toxic gases exceeds the alarm settings when an alarm signal indicating that the personnel on duty take safety measures, to avoid explosion accidents.
一:应用时的注意事项
First: the notice of application
气体探测报警器固定式安装一经就位,其位置就不易更改,具体应用时应考虑以下几点.
The position of the fixed installation of the gas detection alarm is not easy to change, and the following points should be taken into consideration in the application.
(1)弄清所要监测的装置有哪些可能泄漏点,分析它们的泄漏压力、方向等因素,并画出探头位置分布图,根据泄漏的严重程度分成Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ三种等级.
(1) find out the possible leakage points of the device to be monitored, analyze their leakage pressure and direction, and draw the location map of the probe, which is divided into three grades according to the severity of leakage, i. e., I, II and III.
(2)根据所在场所的气流方向、风向等具体因素,判断当发生大量泄漏时,有毒气体的泄漏方向.
(2) according to the specific factors such as the direction of the airflow and the wind direction of the place, the direction of the leakage of toxic gases is judged when a large number of leaks occur.
(3)根据泄漏气体的密度(大于或小于空气),结合空气流动趋势,综合成泄漏的立体流动趋势图,并在其流动的下游位置作出初始设点方案.
(3) according to the density of the gas leakage (greater than or less than the air), combined with the air flow trend, three-dimensional flow trend of integrated map leak, and make up the initial scheme in the downstream position of the flow.
(4)研究泄漏点的泄漏状态是微漏还是喷射状.如果是微漏,则设点的位置就要靠近泄漏点一些.如果是喷射状泄漏,则要稍远离泄漏点.综合这些状况,拟定出终设点方案.这样,需要购置的数量和品种即可估算出来.
(4) the research state of leakage leakage is micro leakage or spray. If it is micro leakage, is located the position to close the leak. If the spray leakage, to slightly away from the leak. The combination of these conditions, to set up the final scheme. In this way, the need to purchase the number and variety of can be calculated.
(5)对于存在较大有毒气体泄漏的场所,根据有关规定每相距10—20m应设一个检测点.对于无人值班的小型且不连续运转的泵房,需要注意发生有毒气体泄漏的可能性,一般应在下风口安装一台检测器.
(5) in the presence of large toxic gas leakage location, according to the relevant provisions of each is 10 - 20m should set up a checkpoint for unattended small and continuous operation of the pump, the need to pay attention to the possibility of toxic gas leak occurred, should install a detector in the air.
(6)对于有氢气泄漏的场所,应将检测器安装在泄漏点上方平面.
(6) for a place with hydrogen leakage, the detector should be installed above the surface of the leakage point.
(7)对于气体密度大于空气的介质,应将检测器安装在低于泄漏点的下方平面上,并注意周围环境特点.对于容易积聚有毒气体的场所应特别注意安全监测点的设定.
(7) for a gas density larger than air, the detector should be installed below the surface below the leak point and pay attention to the characteristics of the surrounding environment. Special attention should be paid to the setting of safety monitoring points for places where toxic gases are easily accumulated.
(8)对于开放式有毒气体扩散逸出环境,如果缺乏良好的通风条件,也很容易使某个部位的空气中的有毒气体含量接近或达到爆炸下限浓度,这些都是不可忽视的安全监测点. 根据现场事故的分析结果,其中一半以上是由不正确的安装和校验造成的.因此,有必要介绍正确的安装和校验的注意事项以减少故障.
(8) for the open toxic gas diffusion environment, if the lack of good ventilation conditions, it is easy to make one part of the content of toxic gases in the air close to or reach the minimum explosive concentration, which are safety monitoring points can not be ignored. According to the results of analysis of the accident scene, more than half of them are caused by by the installation and calibration of incorrect. Therefore, it is necessary to note the installation and check the right to reduce the fault.
二:气体探测报警器安装的注意事项
Two: precautions for installation of gas detection alarm
(1)报警器探头主要是接触燃烧气体传感器的检测元件,由铂丝线圈上包氧化铝和黏合剂组成球状,其外表面附有铂、钯等稀有金属.因此,在安装时一定要小心,避免摔坏探头.
(1) the detectors of the annunciator mainly touch the detecting elements of the burning gas sensors. They are made up of aluminum oxide and adhesives on the platinum wire coil, and some rare metals such as platinum and palladium are attached on the outer surface. Therefore, we must be careful when installing, and avoid breaking the probes.
(2)报警器的安装高度一般应在160—170cm,以便于维修人员进行日常维护.
(2) the installation height of the alarm should generally be 160 - 170cm, in order to facilitate the maintenance of the maintenance personnel.
(3)报警器是安全仪表,有声、光显示功能,应安装在工作人员易看到和易听到的地方,以便及时隐患.
(3) the alarm is a safety instrument with sound and light display functions. It should be installed in the places where the staff are easy to see and hear, so that the hidden dangers can be eliminated in time.
(4)报警器的周围不能有对仪表工作有影响的强电磁场(如大功率电机、变压器).
(4) there is no strong magnetic field (such as high-power motor and transformer) that affects the work of the instrument around the alarm.
(5)被测气体的密度不同,室内探头的安装位置也应不同.被测气体密度小于空气密度时,探头应安装在距屋顶30cm外,方向向下;反之,探头应安装在距地面30cm处,方向向上.
(5) the density of the measured gas is different. The installation location of the indoor probe should also be different. When the measured gas density is less than the air density, the probe should be installed in the direction outside the roof 30cm. On the contrary, the probe should be installed at 30cm from the ground and upward.